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Geohydrology of Graham County

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Log of Wells and Test Holes

Listed on the following pages are logs of 31 test holes drilled by the State Geological Survey and logs of 4 test holes drilled by C. A. Robben of Norton. The location of test holes drilled by the State Geological Survey is shown on Plate 2. Samples from test holes drilled by the State Geological Survey in 1952 were studied in the field by Norman W. Biegler, who supervised the drilling and prepared logs of the holes. The samples were subsequently studied microscopically by me. Logs entitled sample logs are those drilled by the State Geological Survey and for which samples were collected. Depth to water measurements obtained from test holes are included in the headings of the logs. Test holes 5-23-34dd and 5-21-33cc were drilled in 1946 as part of the study of the geology and ground-water resources of Norton and northwestern Phillips counties and test holes 6-25-6bbb and 6-25-31ccc were drilled in 1952 to assist in the study of the geology and ground-water resources of Sheridan County.

6-21-7aa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. sec. 7, T. 6 S., R. 21 W., 14 feet west of road center and 30 feet south of intersection; drilled October 1952. Surface altitude, 2,198.5 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt and clay, black (topsoil) 2.5 2.5
Silt and clay, brown to tan-gray 6.5 9
Clay, silty to compact, tan to light-gray 12 21
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine gravel; contains some fragments of chalk 14 35
Clay, yellow-gray, with stringers of sand 4 39
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel 15 54
Sand, gravel, and pebbles; contains a few thin stringers of yellow clay 23.5 77.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, clayey, yellow and white to pink 12.5 90

6-21-7add. Sample log of test hole in the SE cor. NE sec. 7, T. 6 S., R. 21 W., 6 feet west of road center and 10 feet north of half-section line fence to east; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,189.4 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 2 2
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Terrace deposits (late Wisconsinan)
Silt, clayey, tan-gray 10 12
Clay, sandy, brown, interbedded with fine to coarse partly cemented sand 9 31
Sand, fine to coarse, silty; contains clay in the lower part and some fragments of chalk 10 41
Clay, compact, light-gray; contains a few thin stringers of sand 9 50
Sand, fine to coarse; contains some fragments of chalk 5 55
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, soft, tan-white 2 57
Shale, calcareous, gray to blue-gray 3 60

8-21-17dbb. Sample log of test hole in the NW cor. SE sec. 17, T. 8 S., R. 21 W., 4 feet east of intersection and 10 feet south of road center; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,057.8 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 1 1
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Terrace deposits (late Wisconsinan)
Silt, clayey, tan-brown 3 4
Sand, fine to coarse; contains a little fine gravel and a few thin stringers of clay 4 8
Sand, fine to medium, silty, dark-brown 2 10
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; contains a few stringers of clay 8 18
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, yellow and white; contains some imbedded gravel at surface and pebbles of silicified chalk and weathered shale 3 21
Shale, blue-gray 5 26

8-23-2ddd. Sample log of test hole in the SE cor. sec. 2, T. 8 S., R. 23 W., 90 feet west of U. S. Highway 283 and 8 feet north of center of road, drilled October 1952. Surface altitude, 2,217.0 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 4 4
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Clay, calcareous, tan-gray to light-tan 2.5 6.5
Silt, and clay, tan-gray to gray-brown 4.5 11
Silt, clayey, brown; contains a few grains of gravel 4 15
Sanborn formation--Crete sand and gravel member
Sand, fine to medium, very clayey 2 17
Clay, sandy, tan to tan-gray 7 24
Silt, tan-gray; ranges from clayey in upper part to sandy in lower part 6 18
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel 10 28
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; contains pebbles and yellow-gray silt with some fragments of chalk from 30 to 38 feet; contains less gravel and pebbles from 48 to 52.5 feet 24.5 52.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, clayey, light-yellow and white 5.5 58
Shale, calcareous, gray-brown 2 60

6-21-8cbb. Sample log of test hole in the NW NW SW sec. 8, T. 6 S., R. 21 W., 110 feet east of road in pasture and about 300 feet south of bridge; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,186.9 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Terrace deposits (late Wisconsinan)
Silt, black (topsoil) 2 2
Clay, silty and sandy, gray-brown to tan-gray 4 6
Sand, fine to coarse 2.5 8.5
Clay, gray; ranges from compact to sandy 2 10.5
Sand and gravel; contains thin lenses of gray silt or clay 9.5 20
Sand, fine to coarse, and some gravel; is silty in zones 10 30
Sand, fine to coarse, and some fine to medium gravel; contains a cemented layer from 38 to 38.5 feet 18.5 48.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, clayey, yellow and white 3.5 52
Shale, calcareous, gray to gray-brown 8 60

6-22-4aaa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. sec. 4, T. 6 S., R. 22 W., 6 feet west of fence line and 18 feet south of road center; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,327.4 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt and clay, black (topsoil) 2 2
Clay, gray-brown 1 3
Silt, tan-gray; contains a few grains of imbedded gravel 17 20
Sanborn formation--Loveland silt member
Clay, blocky, brown to dark-brown (Sangamon soil) 2 22
Clay, sandy, tan to light-tan; calcareous in upper part 11 33
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Clay, light-tan to tan-white; sandy in lower part 7 40
Silt and very fine sand, partly cemented, tan; calcareous from 60 to 67 feet 27 67
Sand, fine to coarse, loosely cemented; contains a clayey zone from 72 to 74 feet and contains a little fine to coarse gravel 12 79
Sand, medium; contains some fine to coarse sand and clay; contains less clay from 92 to 96 feet 20 99
Sand, fine to medium; partly cemented from 116 to 119 feet 20 119
Sand, fine to medium, cemented 20 139
Sand, fine to medium, clayey, light-gray 6 145
Clay, sandy 4 149
Sand, clayey, ranging to sandy clay; tan 19 168
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, clayey, yellow and white to pink 12 180

6-22-31ccc. Sample log of test hole in the SW cor. sec 31, T. 6 S., R. 22 W., 6 feet east of road center and 80 feet north of intersection; drilled October 1952. Surface altitude, 2,394.2 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 1 1
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt, tan-gray 13 14
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine to medium, partially cemented, light-gray; contains a very hard layer from 28.5 to 29 feet 29.5 43.5
Sand, fine to medium; contains white calcareous cement 6 49.5
Clay, tan-white, and gray-green sandy clay 3.5 53
Sand, fine to medium, loosely cemented; contains some yellow-brown silt from 63 to 67 feet 14 67
Clay, sandy, yellow-brown 10 77
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine gravel; contains clay layer from 86 to 87 feet 10 87
Clay, sandy, gray-brown 35 122
Gravel; contains sand and clay 10 132
Sand, fine to medium; contains sandy clay 15 147
Clay, sandy, gray-green 6 153
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; partly cemented 20 173
Sand and gravel, partly cemented; contains some fragments of weathered chalk 25 198
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Shale, calcareous, gray to black 12 210

6-24-31ccc. Sample log of test hole in the SW cor. sec. 31, T. 6 S., R. 24 W., in field on edge of road ditch, 120 feet east of intersection and 15 feet north of road center; drilled October 1952. Surface altitude, 2.460.0 feet. Depth to water level, 48.8 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation
Silt and clay, black to dark-brown 5 5
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine to coarse, tan-gray; contains clay from 5 to 6 feet 7 12
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; contains some pebbles from 22 to 27 feet 15 27
Clay, sandy, gray-green; contains some imbedded gravel and pebbles at top; contains more sand from 33 to 38 feet 11 38
Sand, fine to medium, silty, calcareous 6 44
Clay, sandy, gray-white 4 48
Sand, clayey, yellow-green 9 57
Sand, fine to medium, silty 3 60
Clay, sandy, yellow-green 6 66
Clay, yellow-green to green; contains some compact gray-green clay 3.5 69.5
Sand, fine to medium, with layers of yellow-green sandy clay 15.5 85
Sand, fine to coarse; contains silt in upper part 10 95
Sand, fine to coarse, with some fine to coarse gravel 21 116
Gravel and pebbles with yellow-brown clay 3 119
Sand and gravel, silty, yellow-brown 10 129
Sand, fine to coarse 11 140
Sand and gravel with light-tan to light-brown clay 5 145
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel 8 153
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, clayey to silicified 1.5 154.5

6-24-36aba. Sample log of test hole in the NE NW NE sec 36, T. 6 S., R. 24 W., in yard near north side of building, 200 feet south of road; drilled October 1952. Surface altitude, 2,490.2 feet. Depth to water level 128.6 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Fill 4.5 4.5
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt, tan-gray; contains some imbedded gravel 6.5 11
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Clay, soft, sandy, tan-brown 8 19
Clay, sandy, light-tan; contains some imbedded gravel 6 25
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel 3 28
Clay, sandy, tan and brown; contains beds of clayey sand and gravel 17 45
Clay, sandy, tan 15 60
Sand, fine to medium, cemented, tan-gray; contains some hard caliche 10 70
Sand, cemented with siliceous cement; contains beds of sandy clay 10 80
Sand, fine to medium, calcareous, cemented, light-gray 20 100
Gravel, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse sand, silty, cemented 8 108
Clay, sandy, light-tan; contains a few thin stringers of cemented sand 27.5 135.5
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; silty, cemented from 138 to 148 feet 12.5 148
Sand and gravel and some pebbles, loosely cemented. 26 174
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; clayey, yellow-tan 5 179
Sand, fine to medium, silty to clayey; contains a little coarse sand and fine gravel 18 197
Clay, sandy, tan-gray; contains a few thin stringers of sand 10 207
Sand, fine to coarse; contains silt and clay 8 215
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, clayey to silicified, yellow and white 1 216

6-25-6bab. Sample log of test hole in the NW NE NW sec. 6 T. 6 S., R. 25 W., 200 feet south of county line and 15 feet east of road; drilled August 1952. Surface altitude, 2,492.9 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 0.5 0.5
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine to coarse, silty; cemented with calcium carbonate 6.5 7
Silt, calcareous, hard, and fine to medium sand 5 12
Silt to fine sand, calcareous, white 3 15
Clay, sandy, tan-yellow 3 18
Sand, fine to medium, silty, light-tan 3 21
Sand, fine to coarse, silty, green 6 27
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; contains cemented stringers 6 33
Sand and gravel, cemented with silty lime 3 36
Clay, sandy, tan-green to gray-green 3 39
Clay, sandy, tan-gray to yellow-gray 7 46
Sand, fine to medium, silty; contains some coarse sand and fine gravel 8 54
Clay, tan to yellow-gray 2 56
Clay, light-gray 4 60
Clay, light-tan; contains much sand 8 68
Sand, fine to medium, clayey, tan-brown 8 76
Clay, sandy, tan-brown 10 86
Clay, tan-brown; contains stringers of sand 15 101
Sand, fine to medium; contains a lens of clay 10 111
Sand, fine to medium, silty 10 121
Sand, fine to medium 6.5 127.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, silicified, yellow-brown .5 128

6-25-31cc. Sample log of test hole in SW cor. sec. 31, T. 6 S., R. 25 W., 300 feet north and 15 feet east of intersection; drilled August 1952. Surface altitude, 2,571.9 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 3 3
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt, tan-gray to gray-green; contains snail shells 10 13
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel 9 22
Sand, fine to coarse; contains tan-gray clay stringers 5 27
Clay, sandy, tan-gray 18 45
Sand, cemented, light-tan 14 59
Sand, fine to coarse 4 63
Sand, cemented, clayey 15 78
Clay, sandy, light-gray 15 93
Sand, fine to coarse; contains stringers cemented with calcium carbonate 15 108
Sand, fine to coarse, clayey, yellow-gray 19 127
Sand, fine to coarse, silty 7 134
Sand, fine to coarse; contains interbedded silty clay stringers 5.5 139.5
Sand, clayey, partly cemented 24.5 164
Clay, yellow, compact; contains thin clayey stringers 6 170
Sand, fine to medium, cemented 20 190
Sand, fine to medium, and some weathered chalk cemented 19 209
Sand, fine to coarse, with fragments of silicified chalk 9 218
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, silicified at top, and yellow to orange chalky shale 21 239

7-21-23add. Sample log of test hole in the SE cor. NE sec. 23, T. 7 S., R. 21 W., 100 feet west of road center and 30 feet north of fence line; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,093.6 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt and clay, black (topsoil) 2 2
Silt, clayey, tan-gray 9 11
Sanborn formation--Loveland silt member
Clay, compact, brown (Sangamon soil); contains a few grains of gravel 2 13
Clay, tan-brown 2 15
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, clayey, light-gray to light-yellow 38 53
Shale, calcareous, dark-gray to black 3 56

7-21-36cbb. Sample log of test hole in the NW cor. SW sec. 36, T. 7 S., R. 21 W., 60 feet south of half-section line and 10 feet east of road center; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,032.2 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 2 2
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Crete sand and gravel member
Clay, sandy, compact, brown 5 7
Sand, fine to coarse, partly cemented 5 12
Clay, sandy, calcareous, light-gray to light-tan 10 22
Clay, sandy, light-gray to light-tan; contains thin stringers of sand and some limonite staining 4 26
Sand, fine to coarse; contains a clay stringer from 29 to 31 feet and some fragments of chalk 9 35
Clay, sandy, brown; contains gray-brown to dark-brown clay balls in interbedded clayey sand lenses; contains fragments of chalk and thin stringers of white calcareous clay from 45 to 49 feet 14 49
Sand, fine to coarse, calcareous, clayey, gray-white; contains thin stringers of white calcareous clay; contains some gravel from 59 to 68 feet 19 68
Sand, fine to coarse, and gray-white clay; contains some gravel and fragments of chalk 5 73
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Shale, calcareous, dark-gray 3 76

7-22-1aaa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. sec. 1, T. 7 S., R. 22 W., 50 feet south of intersection and 7 feet west of road center; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,248.8 feet. Depth to water level, 47.1 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 1.5 1.5
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt, tan-gray 8.5 10
Sanborn formation--Loveland silt member
Clay, compact to silty, brown to tan-brown 8 18
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine to medium; contains some clay 10 28
Sand, fine to medium; contains a cemented zone from 28 to 29 feet 9 37
Sand, fine to medium, silty to loosely cemented 8 45
Sand, fine to coarse, silty, yellow-brown; contains fragments of chalk 13 58
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, clayey, yellow and white 6 64
Shale, clayey, calcareous, dark-gray 1 65

7-22-10bcb. Driller's log of irrigation well of M. E. Worcester in the NW SW NW sec. 10, T. 7 S., R. 22 W. Drilled by C. A. Robben. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary and Tertiary--Pleistocene and Pliocene
Sand and gravel 10 10
Gravel 26 36
Ochre or joint clay 2 38
Gravel and sand 12 50
Sand, fine 1 51
Sand and gravel 3 54
Rock, soft 1 55
Sand 5 60
Sand, fine 24 84
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member

7-22-13c. Driller's log of test hole in the NW sec. 13, T. 7 S., R. 22 W. Drilled by C. A. Robben. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Soil, black 1 1
Clay, yellow 18 19
Sanborn formation--Loveland silt member (?)
Clay, brown 5 24
Sanborn formation--Crete sand and gravel member
Clay, sandy 7 31
Magnesia rock mixed with sand 9 40
Magnesia rock 2 42
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Ochre 1 43
Shale 1 44

7-25-35dcc. Sample log of test hole in the SW cor. SE sec. 35, T. 7 S., R. 25 W., 15 feet north of intersection and 10 feet east of power line; drilled October 1952. Surface altitude, 2,486.6 feet. Depth to water level, 87.4 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt and clay, black (topsoil) 2.5 2.5
Silt, tan; contains some caliche 7.5 10
Silt, tan; contains some caliche and imbedded gravel 6 16
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand and gravel, loosely cemented; contains a few thin stringers of fine sand 11 27
Silt and fine sand, cemented, tan-gray 6 33
Clay, blocky, tan-gray; some limonite staining 4 37
Sand, fine to medium, clayey to partly cemented, tan-brown 17 54
Sand, fine to coarse, silty 5 59
Sand, fine to coarse, loosely cemented; contains some fine gravel 10 69
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; clayey; contains a few stringers of tan blocky clay 16 85
Clay, sandy, calcareous, gray-white 4 89
Sand, fine to medium, silty; contains calcium carbonate near base 5 94
Clay, sandy, gray to yellow-green 8 102
Sand, fine to coarse 25 127
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Shale, calcareous, clayey, yellow and gray 2 129
Shale, calcareous, clayey, dark-gray to black 1 130

8-21-7cbc. Driller's log of irrigation well of George Cooksey in the SW NW SW sec. 71 T. 8 S., R. 21 W. Drilled by C. A. Robben. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Terrace deposits
Soil, black 2 2
Clay, sandy, light 3 5
Sand 3 8
Sand and medium gravel 11 19
Sand, coarse, and road gravel 5 24
Mud, black 6 30
Sand and medium gravel 9 39
Mud, black 2 41
Sand, coarse, and gravel 10 51
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Rock and shale    

8-21-8baa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. NW sec. 8, T. 8 S., R. 21 W., in triangle, 25 feet west of road center and 250 feet south of U. S. Highway 24; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,024.1 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Terrace deposits (late Wisconsinan)
Sand, fine to coarse, silty, gray 3 3
Sand, fine to coarse; contains silt, gravel, and pebble- sized fragments of chalk; includes rubble of weathered chalk, cemented sand, and limonite-stained fragments 2 5
Sand, fine to coarse; contains gravel and pebbles of chalk and weathered shale; contains a cemented stringer from 17 to 17.5 feet 14 19
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; silty, dark-gray 13.5 32.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Shale, clayey, gray to dark gray 4.5 37

8-21-8cdd. Sample log of test hole in the SE cor. SW sec. 8, T. 8 S., R. 21 W., in ditch west of State Highway 18, 10 feet east of fence line and 40 feet north of east-west fence line; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude 2,029.3 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Terrace deposits (late Wisconsinan)
Sand, fine to coarse; contains dark-brown to black silt at top 10 10
Sand, fine to coarse, and some fine to medium gravel 30 40
Sand, fine to coarse; contains some gravel and fragments of chalk and weathered shale 8 48
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Shale, clayey, blue to blue-gray 2 50

8-21-14ddd. Sample log of test hole in the SE cor. sec. 14, T. 8 S., R. 21 W., 20 feet west of intersection and 8 feet north of road center; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,096.5 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 1.5 1.5
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Meade formation--Sappa and Grand Island members
Silt, clayey, tan-gray 1.5 3
Sand, cemented, tan to light-tan 2 5
Sand, fine to coarse; contains fragments of chalk 17 22
Clay, sandy, brown, interbedded with fine to coarse partly cemented sand 9 31
Sand, fine to coarse, silty; contains clay in the lower part and some fragments of chalk 10 41
Clay, compact, light-gray; contains a few thin stringers of sand 9 50
Sand, fine to coarse; contains some fragments of chalk 5 55
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, soft, tan-white 2 57
Shale, calcareous, gray to blue-gray 3 60

8-21-17dbb. Sample log of test hole in the NW cor. SE sec. 17, T. 8 S., R. 21 W., 4 feet east of intersection and 10 feet south of road center; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,057.8 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 1 1
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Terrace deposits (late Wisconsinan)
Silt, clayey, tan-brown 3 4
Sand, fine to coarse; contains a little fine gravel and a few thin stringers of clay 4 8
Sand, fine to medium, silty, dark-brown 2 10
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; contains a few stringers of clay 8 18
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, yellow and white; contains some imbedded gravel at surface and pebbles of silicified chalk and weathered shale 3 21
Shale, blue-gray 5 26

8-23-2ddd. Sample log of test hole in the SE cor. sec. 2, T. 8 S., R. 23 W., 90 feet west of U. S. Highway 283 and 8 feet north of center of road; drilled October 1952. Surface altitude, 2,217.0 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 4 4
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Clay, calcareous, tan-gray to light-tan 2.5 6.5
Silt, and clay, tan-gray to gray-brown 4.5 11
Silt, clayey, brown; contains a few grains of gravel 4 15
Sanborn formation--Crete sand and gravel member
Sand, fine to medium, very clayey 2 17
Clay, sandy, tan to tan-gray 7 24
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, yellow and white 6 30

8-23-12bcc. Sample log of test hole in the SW cor. NW sec. 12, T. 8 S., R. 23 W., 60 feet east of U. S. Highway 283 and 30 feet north of half-section line road; drilled October 1952. Surface altitude, 2,198.9 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt and clay, black to dark-brown (topsoil) 2 2
Silt, gray-tan 8 10
Silt, sandy, tan-brown 6 16
Sanborn formation--Crete sand and gravel member
Sand, silty, fine to coarse 3 19
Clay, tan-gray; contains sand and gravel 5 24
Sand, fine to coarse, clayey to loosely cemented 5 29
Clay, yellow-tan; contains some gravel 4 33
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, yellow 4.5 37.5
Shale, calcareous, dark-gray 2.5 40

8-23-13b. Driller's log of test hole in the NW sec. 13, T. 8 S., R. 23 W. Drilled by C. A. Robben. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Terrace deposits
Soil, black 4 4
Clay, yellow 15 19
Mud, light-blue 3 22
Clay, sandy 1 23
Sand, fine 6 29
Gravel 9 38
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Shale 1 39

8-23-14dda. Sample log of test hole in the NE SE SE sec. 14 T. 8 S., R. 23 W., 130 feet south of railroad tracks and 30 feet west of highway; drilled October 1952. Surface altitude, 2,124.3 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Terrace deposits (late Wisconsinan)
Sand, silty to clayey, dark-brown 2 2
Clay, sandy, dark-brown 4 6
Sand, fine to coarse, silty 10 16
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine gravel 11 27
Sand, gravel, and pebbles, including fragments of chalk 5 32
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Shale, calcareous, gray 8 40

8-23-23daa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. SE sec. 23, T. 8 S., R. 23 W., 30 feet south of half-section line road and 30 feet west of center of U. S. Highway 283; drilled October 1952. Surface altitude, 2,132.2 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Terrace deposits (late Wisconsinan)
Silt and clay, black (topsoil) 1 1
Sand, fine to coarse, silty, dark-brown to black 4 5
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; contains fragments of chalk 9 14
Clay, dark-brown to black, and imbedded gravel 6 20
Clay, black, with some imbedded gravel; contains stringers of gravel and weathered shale 4 24
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, broken, light-gray 4.5 28.5
Shale, dark gray 1.5 30

8-24-36ccb. Sample log of test hole in the NW SW SW sec. 36, T. 8 S., R. 24 W., 0.15 mile north of intersection, 20 feet south of fence, and 14 feet east of road center; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,349.8 feet. Depth to water level, 11.4 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Terrace deposits (late Wisconsinan)
Silt and clay, black (topsoil) 3.5 3.5
Sand, fine to coarse; contains a clayey stringer from 12 to 12.5 feet 13.5 17
Clay, sandy, dark-gray to black 3 20
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; contains a few thin stringers of clay 6 26
Sand and gravel, silty, yellow 2 28
Clay and silt, tan 4 32
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Shale, calcareous, blue-black 3 35

8-25-35ddd. Sample log of test hole in the SE cor. sec. 35, T. 8 S., R. 25 W., 120 feet north of section line and 8 feet west of road center; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,510.5 feet. Depth to water level, 90.9 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 1 1
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt and clay, compact, tan-gray 2 3
Silt, tan-gray to gray-green 13 16
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine to coarse, calcareous, cemented; contains stringers of tan-gray blocky clay 4.5 20.5
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; contains some pebbles 4.5 25
Sand, fine to coarse, cemented to partly cemented 3 28
Clay, sandy, and calcareous clay; tan-brown to tan-gray 11 39
Sand, fine to coarse, cemented 10 49
Sand, fine to coarse, cemented; contains stringers of clay 16 65
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to medium gravel; principally fine to medium sand from 71 to 74 feet 9 74
Sand, calcareous, clayey to cemented, white 18 92
Limestone, very hard, white 3 95
Sand, fine, cemented 2 97
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; contains some chalk fragments; contains a stringer of clay at 107 feet 16 113
Sand, fine to medium, silty 6 119
Clay, sandy, light-tan 6.5 125.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, silicified, hard, yellow-brown .5 126

9-22-36ddd. Sample log of test hole in the SE cor. sec. 36, T. 9 S., R. 22 W, 60 feet west of intersection and 30 feet north of road center; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude 2,315.7 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt and clay, light-gray O.5 0.5
Silt, light-tan 6.5 7
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine to coarse 2 9
Sand, calcareous, cemented, light-tan 7 16
Sand, fine to coarse; contains some gravel and a few thin stringers of clayey sand; contains a larger percentage of gravel from 26 to 32 feet 16 32
Clay, ranging to clayey sand; tan-brown to gray-green 8 40
Clay, compact, tan 3 43
Clay, sandy, calcareous, white; consists principally of clayey sand from 46 to 52 feet 9 52
Sand, cemented, light-tan to light tan-gray 4 56
Sand, fine to coarse 7 63
Clay, noncalcareous, light-gray 7 70
Clay, noncalcareous, light-brown 3 73
Clay, sandy, light-green; contains a hard stringer from 74 to 74.5 feet 2 75
Clay, noncalcareous, light-gray 4 79
Sand, fine to medium .5 79.5
Sand fine to medium; contains a very hard cemented layer from 79.5 to 80 feet 4 83.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Shale, calcareous, gray-brown 4.5 88

9-24-36ccb. Sample log of test hole in the NW SW SW sec. 36, T. 9 S., R. 24 W., in pasture opposite windmill to west, 0.15 mile north of intersection and 25 feet east of fence; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,528.9 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt and clay, gray-brown (topsoil) 1 1
Silt, tan-gray; contains gastropod shells 4 5
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine to coarse, silty 4.5 9.5
Sand, fine to medium; contains interbedded gravel stringers, each about 1 foot thick 9.5 19
Clay, sandy, ranging to cemented clayey sand; light-gray 3 22
Clay, compact, light-tan to tan-white 5 27
Clay, sandy; contains stringers of sand 7 34
Clay, and silt, sandy, cemented, tan 4 38
Clay, gray and light-tan; contains stringers of sand 5.5 43.5
Sand, fine to coarse 11.5 55
Clay, sandy, gray 3 58
Clay, grading to cemented clayey sand 10 68
Sand, fine, calcareous, cemented, grading to a sandy silty limestone 12 80
Clay, sandy, red-brown 2 82
Clay, sandy to bentonitic, gray-green 4 86
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, soft, yellow 3.5 89.5
Chalk, silicified, yellow to yellow-brown .25 89.75
Chalk, soft, yellow to white 4.25 94
Shale, calcareous, gray-brown to brown 9 103

9-25-35ddd. Sample log of test hole in the SE cor. sec. 35, T. 9 S., R. 25 W., in corner of field 15 feet west and 15 feet north of intersection; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,448.4 feet. Depth to water level, 87.97 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt and clay, dark-gray (topsoil) 3 3
Silt, light-tan 13.5 16.5
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel 3.5 20
Clay, sandy, tan-white; contains stringers of cemented sand 8 28
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel 3 31
Sand, fine to coarse; contains silt and clay 7 38
Silt and fine sand, calcareous, cemented, gray-white 1.5 39.5
Clay, sandy, tan; contains stringers of light-tan to light-gray calcareous cemented fine sand 9.5 49
Silt and fine sand, calcareous, cemented, light-gray 2 51
Sand, fine to coarse 5 56
Clay, sandy, bedded, tan to tan-gray 22 78
Sand, fine to coarse; contains silt 9 87
Clay, sandy, tan-gray; contains a few stringers of fine to coarse sand and has some limonite staining 4 91
Sand, fine to coarse, clayey, calcareous, light-tan; contains a few thin layers of clay 10 101
Clay, calcareous, light-tan; contains imbedded gravel and pebbles 9 110
Sand, fine to coarse, yellow-tan; contains silt and clay and stringers of sandy clay 10 120
Sand, fine to coarse, silty; contains some fine gravel 8 128
Sand, gravel, and pebbles; contains some chalk fragments and some silt 4.5 132.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, soft, yellow, white, pink, and red 4.5 137

10-23-1aaa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. sec. 1, T. 10 S., R. 23 W., 80 feet west of road intersection and 5 feet south of road center; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,378.0 feet. Depth to water level, 47.2 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Road fill 3 3
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Silt and clay, sandy, tan-white; contains imbedded gravel 11 14
Clay, tan-brown; contains fine to medium sand and a few thin layers of clayey sand 11 25
Sand, fine to coarse; contains some fine to coarse gravel 4.5 29.5
Sand, fine to coarse, tan-brown; contains clay and silt; contains less silt from 36 to 40 feet 10.5 40
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel 12.5 52.5
Sand and gravel, partly cemented; contains some pebbles and some tan-gray clay 5.5 58
Silt, tan-gray; contains sand and gravel 4 62
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; contains layers of brown clay 11 73
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, soft, white to light-yellow 4 77
Shale, olive to gray-green 16 93

10-24-34ddd. Sample log of test hole at SE cor. sec. 34, T. 10 S., R. 24 W., 50 feet west of intersection and 20 feet north of road center; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,357.2 feet. Depth to water level, 35.4 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt and clay, dark-brown 4 4
Silt, tan; contains some gastropod shells 15.5 19.5
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Clay, sandy, tan-brown 3.5 23
Sand, gravel, and pebbles 2 25
Clay, sandy, tan; contains imbedded gravel 9 34
Sand, fine to coarse 6 40
Sand, fine to coarse; contains some gravel and pebbles 5.5 45.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, soft, white 2.5 48
Shale, gray 2 50

10-25-36ccc. Sample log of test hole in the SW cor. sec. 36, T. 10 S., R. 25 W., 20 feet east of road center and 15 feet north of intersection on edge of field; drilled September 1952. Surface altitude, 2,418.8 feet. Depth to water level, 31.5 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt and clay, dark-brown (topsoil) 3 3
Silt and clay, tan-gray 6.5 9.5
Silt and clay, compact, tan; contains some sand near base 6.5 16
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine to coarse and fine to coarse gravel; contains silt, sandy clay, and fragments of chalk 11 27
Clay, very sandy; contains gravel 5 32
Sand, fine to coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; contains some fragments of chalk 4.5 36.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Chalk, soft, yellow 1.5 38
Shale, calcareous, gray 2 40

5-21-33cc. Sample log of test hole in the SW SW sec. 33, T. 5 S., R. 21 W., Norton County; drilled 1946. Surface altitude, 2,306.3 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation--Peoria silt member
Silt, loose, dark gray-brown 3 3
Silt, loose, tan; contains snail shells 10 13
Sanborn formation--Loveland silt member
Silt, loose, tan 14 27
Sand, fine to very fine, and tan silt 7 34
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine, light-tan to gray; contains gravel and silt 17 51
Sand, well-cemented with calcium carbonate 1 52
Sand and silt, light-gray to green-gray, and caliche 24 76
Silt, compact; contains some dull-red sand 21 97
Sand, fine, and dull-red silt; contains caliche 26 123
Sand, fine to very fine, and silt, and some gray and brown clay 55 178
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Shale, calcareous, fissile, gray; contains a few thin bentonite zones 12 190

5-23-34dd. Sample log of test hole at the SE cor. sec. 34, T. 5 S., R. 23 W., Norton County; drilled 1946. Surface altitude, 2,397.3 feet. Thickness,
feet		 Depth,
feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
Sanborn formation
Silt, brown 2 2
Silt, tan; contains snail shells 5 7
Tertiary--Pliocene
Ogallala formation
Sand, fine and very fine, silty, white 12 19
Sand and silt, cemented with calcium carbonate; contains fossil seeds 17 36
Sand, fine to coarse; contains silt, gravel, and caliche 49 85
Sand, with some silt; contains zones cemented with calcium carbonate 40 125
Sand, very fine to coarse, and silt 17 142
Silt, sand, and caliche; contains cemented zones 17 159
Sand and gravel, fine to coarse 24 183
Silt, soft, brown and gray 8 191
Cretaceous--Gulfian
Niobrara formation--Smoky Hill chalk member
Shale, chalky, fissile, brown, yellow, and gray; contains bentonite 9 200

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Kansas Geological Survey, Geology
Placed on web Feb. 13, 2009; originally published August 1955.
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The URL for this page is http://www.kgs.ku.edu/General/Geology/Graham/08_logs.html