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Table of Contents
Rock Formations
Stratigraphy
Mineral Resources
Subsurface Rocks
Ground-water Resources
Recharge
Discharge
Availability
Chemical Character
Ground-water Regions
Well Records
Logs
References
Plates

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Logs of Test Holes

Listed on the following pages are the logs of 31 test holes drilled buy the State Geological Survey in Lyon County (Pl. 3). The test drilling was confined to alluvial deposits in the valley areas. Samples from the test holes were studied by K.L. Walters and me. The geologic cross sections shown on Figure 3 are based largely on data obtained from this test drilling.

18-10-2da--Sample log of test hole in NE SE sec. 2, T. 18 S., R. 10 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,159.2 feet. Water level 18.0 feet below land surface, July 22, 1948.			Thickness, feet
	Road fill		3
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Clay and silt, tan	3
		Clay and silt, mottled buff and white	1.5
		Silt and clay, tan; contains considerable chert sand	2.5
		Silt and clay, light tan; contains very fine sand	9.5
		Gravel, red chert and tan limestone	2.5
		Gravel, chert, very coarse	5
Permian--Wolfcampian
	West Branch shale
		Shale, yellow and tan	4
		Shale, blue-green	2
Total depth of test hole			38.5

18-10-11aa--Sample log of test hole in NE NE sec. 11, T. 18 S., R. 10 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,151.6 feet. Water level 11.9 feet below land surface, July 22, 1948.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt and clay, gray-black, noncalcareous	4
		Silt and clay, sandy, noncalcareous, red-buff	12.5
		Silt, red-buff, and very fine sand	10
		Gravel and sand, predominantly chert	5
Permian--Wolfcampian
	West Branch shale
		Shale, calcareous, gray; contains thin limestones	3
Total depth of test hole			34.5

18-11-11ca--Sample log of test hole in NE SW sec. 11, T. 18 S., R. 11 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,142.7 feet.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Soil, black	7
		Clay and silt, brown to gray	5
		Clay and silt, white to tan	4
		Sand and gravel, predominantly chert	10.5
Permian--Wolfcampian
	West Branch shale
		Shale, gray	2.5
Total depth of test hole			29

18-10-11cc--Sample log of test hole in SW SW sec. 11, T. 18 S., R. 10 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,142.1 feet. Water level 14.1 feet below land surface, July 14, 1948.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Silt and clay, light-brown	5
		Silt and clay, gray-black	6.5
		Silt and clay, tan to light-brown	10.5
		Silt and clay, sandy, tan to light-brown	3
		Gravel and sand, predominantly chert	4
Permian--Wolfcampian
	Falls City limestone
		Shale, blue-gray, and thin limestone beds	4
Total depth of test hole			33

18-10-14bc--Sample log of test hole in SW NW sec. 14, T. 18 S, R. 10 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,137.4 feet. Water level 12.2 feet below land surface, July 14, 1948.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Silt and sandy clay, brown	5
		Silt and clay, buff; contains considerable chert sand	9.5
		Gravel and sand, predominantly chert	10
Permian--Wolfcampian
	Hawxby shale
		Shale, gray-green	2
Total depth of test hole			28.5

19-10-1cc--Sample log of test hole in SW SW sec. 1, T. 19 S., R. 10 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,173.3 feet. Water level 6.9 feet below land surface, July 2, 1948.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt and clay, brown-black	2.5
		Silt and clay, red-buff; contains chert gravel and sand	4
Permian--Wolfcampian
	West Branch-Hawxby shale
		Shale, calcareous, yellow-tan	3.5
		Shale, calcareous, olive	15
		Shale, calcareous, dark-gray	3
Total depth of test hole			28

19-10-11da--Sample log of test hole in NE SE sec. 11, T. 19 S., R. 10 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,149.4 feet. Water level 17.6 feet below land surface, July 7, 1948.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt and clay, brown-black	2
		Silt and clay, red-buff; contains a little fine sand	2
		Silt and clay, calcareous, tan to red-buff; contains considerable sand and gravel	8
		Gravel and sand, predominantly brown chert and colorless quartz	19
Pennsylvanian--Virgilian
	Pony Creek shale
		Shale, calcareous, gray-green	0.5
Total depth of test hole			31.5

19-10-12bc--Sample log of test hole in SW NW sec. 12, T. 19 S., R. 10 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,152.8 feet.			Thickness, feet
	Road fill		2.5
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt and clay, sandy, red-buff	4.5
		Silt and clay, very sandy, red-buff	5
		Sand and gravel, predominantly colorless quartz and brown chert	6
Permian--Wolfcampian
	Towle shale
		Shale, noncalcareous, dark-gray	4
Total depth of test hole			22

19-10-13cd--Sample log of test hole in SE SW sec. 13, T. 19 S., R. 10 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,115.1 feet. Water level 18.9 feet below land surface, July 13, 1948.			Thickness, feet
	Road fill		2
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Silt and clay, calcareous, buff-tan; contains a little fine sand	18
		Silt and clay, calcareous, tan; contains considerable sand	6
		Sand, fine to very coarse, rounded, predominantly quartz	2
		Gravel and sand, predominantly brown chert and colorless quartz	9
Pennsylvanian--Virgilian
	French Creek shale (?)
		Shale, very sandy, micaceous, gray-green	3
Total depth of test hole			40

19-10-14aa--Sample log from test hole in NE NE sec. 14, T. 19 S., R. 10 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,119.8 feet. Water level 8.4 feet below land surface, July 7, 1948.			Thickness, feet
	Road fill		5
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, black	2
		Silt and clay, calcareous, tan; contains a little fine sand	14
		Silt and clay, calcareous, slightly sandy, dark-gray and tan	2
		Clay, slightly sandy, gray-tan	3
		Sand, predominantly fine to coarse rounded quartz	5
		Gravel and sand, brown chert and colorless quartz	6.5
Pennsylvanian--Virgilian
	French Creek shale (?)
		Shale, calcareous, green-gray	3.5
Total depth of test hole			41

19-10-14da--Sample log of test hole in NE SE sec. 14, T. 19 S., R. 10 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,119.5 feet. Water level 19.7 feet below land surface, July 10, 1948.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Silt and clay, gray-black	3.5
		Silt and clay, brown-black	4
		Silt and clay, dark-brown to gray, slightly sandy	20
		Sand and gravel, chiefly colorless quartz and brown chert	11
		Gravel and sand, chiefly brown chert and colorless quartz	1.5
Pennsylvanian--Virgilian
	French Creek shale (?)
		Shale, sandy, micaceous green-gray	7
Total depth of test hole			47

19-10-26aa--Sample log of test hole in NE NE sec. 26, T. 19 S., R. 10 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,115.4 feet. Water level 19.0 feet below land surface, July 10, 1948.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, tan	5
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, black to brown	1.5
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, dark-brown	10.5
		Silt and clay, calcareous, slightly sandy, tan	12
		Sand and gravel, chiefly rounded colorless quartz sand and brown chert gravel	6
		Silt and clay, black; contains much sand and gravel and mollusk shells	2.5
Pennsylvanian--Virgilian
	French Creek shale (?)
		Shale, very sandy, micaceous green-gray	6.5
Total depth of test hole			44

19-10-26da--Sample log of test hole in NE SE sec. 26, T 19 S., R. 10 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,127.2 feet. Water level 19.7 feet below land surface, July 10, 1948.			Thickness, feet
	Road fill		2.5
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt and clay, gray-brown	3.5
		Silt and clay, slightly calcareous, red-brown	10
		Silt and clay, sandy, tan	10
		Silt and clay, sandy, red-brown	12
		Sand, chiefly colorless rounded medium to very coarse sand	2
		Gravel and sand, brown chert, and colorless quartz	4
Pennsylvanian--Virgilian
	French Creek shale (?)
		Shale, sandy, micaceous, green-gray	6
Total depth of test hole			50

19-11-1aa--Sample log of test hole in NE NE sec. 1, T. 19 S., R. 11 E., drilled July 1949. Surface altitude 1,126.5 feet. Water level 20.1 feet below land surface, July 23, 1949.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, slightly sandy, tan	10
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, red-tan	5
		Silt and clay, gray and tan; contains a little chert gravel	4
		Silt and clay, slightly sandy, light-gray; contains much chert gravel	3.5
		Gravel, predominantly brown chert; contains considerable chert and quartz sand	4
Pennsylvanian--Virgilian
	Reading limestone
		Limestone, hard, gray	0.2
Total depth of test hole			26.7

19-11-1ad--Sample log of test hole in SE NE sec. 1, T. 19 S., R. 11 E., drilled July 1949. Surface altitude 1,101.1 feet. Water level 18.4 feet below land surface, July 26, 1949.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Soil, noncalcareous, black to dark-gray	9
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, dark-brown	10
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, slightly sandy, brown	2
		Gravel and sand, predominantly brown chert; contains very little quartz sand	13
Pennsylvanian--Virgilian
		Auburn shale
		Limestone, hard, gray	0.2
Total depth of test hole			34.2

19-11-1da--Sample log of test hole in NE SE sec. 1, T. 19 S, R. 11 E., drilled July 1949. Surface altitude 1,101.1 feet. Water level 18.3 feet below land surface, July 23, 1949.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Soil, black	5
		Clay and silt, noncalcareous, slightly sandy, dark-brown	10
		Clay and silt, noncalcareous, slightly sandy, gray-brown	4
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, light-brown; contains a little chert sand and gravel	12
		Gravel and sand, predominantly brown chert	4.5
Pennsylvanian--Virgilian
	Auburn shale
		Limestone, hard, gray	0.2
Total depth of test hole			35.7

19-11-1dd--Sample log of test hole in SE SE sec. 1, T. 19 S., R. 11 E., drilled July 1949. Surface altitude 1,097.7 feet. Water level 1.9 feet below land surface, July 23, 1949.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Soil, black	4
		Clay and silt, noncalcareous with calcareous spots, gray-brown	6
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, gray-brown	10
		Sand and gravel, brown chert, and colorless quartz, predominantly chert	2.5
		Gravel and sand, brown chert, and colorless quartz; predominantly chert	12
Pennsylvanian--Virgilian
	Wakarusa limestone
		Limestone, hard, gray	0.1
Total depth of test hole			34.6

19-11-9db--Sample log of test hole in NW SE sec. 9, T. 19 S., R. 11 E., at SW cor. 12th and Elm Street, Emporia, drilled July 1949. Surface altitude 1,169.0 feet.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
		Slope deposits, colluvium
		Soil, black	2
		Silt and clay, dark gray-tan	5
		Silt and clay, slightly sandy, tan	1.5
Pennsylvanian--Virgilian
	Grandhaven limestone
		Limestone and shale, slightly sandy, buff, fossiliferous	1.5
		Shale, mottled gray and buff; contains limonite concretions	2
		Shale, slightly sandy, yellow-buff	3
		Limestone, brown	1
	Dry shale
		Shale, hard, gray	5
		Shale, soft, olive to dark-gray	2.5
	Dover limestone
		Limestone, hard, light-gray; contains fusulinids	1.8
	Langdon shale
		Shale, green	1.2
	Maple Hill limestone
		Limestone, very sandy, gray and brown	3
	Pierson Point shale
		Shale, yellow	0.5
Total depth of test hole			30

19-11-12da--Sample log of test hole in NE SE sec. 12, T. 19 S., R. 11 E., drilled July 1949. Surface altitude 1,095.1 feet. Water level 2.1 feet below land surface, July 23, 1949.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Soil, black	4
		Clay and silt, gray to gray-brown	1.5
		Clay and silt, gray to yellow-gray	3
		Silt and clay, slightly sandy, brown to gray-brown	3.5
		Gravel and sand, brown chert, and colorless quartz; predominantly chert	9
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Auburn shale
		Limestone, brown	0.4
Total depth of test hole			20.4

19-11-13aa--Sample log of test hole in NE NE sec. 13, T. 19 S., R. 11 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,096.0 feet. Water level 2.6 feet below land surface, Aug. 12, 1948.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Silt and clay, brown-black	2
		Silt and clay, brown-gray	5
		Silt and clay, brown; contains a small amount and brown chert gravel	8
		Gravel and sand, chiefly brown chert	1.5
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Auburn shale
		Shale, very calcareous, gray	5.5
Total depth of test hole			22

19-11-13daa--Sample log of test hole in NE NE SE sec. 13, T. 19 S., R. 11 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,107.0 feet. Water level 11.2 feet below land surface, July 12, 1948.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Soil, black	2
		Clay and silt, hard, gray-brown	3
		Clay and silt, noncalcareous, light-gray	2.5
		Clay and silt, noncalcareous, mottled light-gray and tan; contains a small amount of chert sand	14.5
		Gravel and sand, brown chert, and colorless quartz	4
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Auburn shale
		Shale, fossiliferous, pyritic, yellow and gray	1
		Shale, gray-black, and thin gray limestones	1
Total depth of test hole			28

19-11-13dd--Sample log of test hole in SE SE sec. 13, T. 19 S, R. 11 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,106.5 feet. Water level 12.5 feet below land surface, Aug. 12, 1948.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Soil, black	4.5
		Silt and clay, gray to red-gray	4.5
		Clay and silt, noncalcareous, mottled gray and buff	7
		Sand, chiefly very fine- to medium-grained colorless quartz	6.5
		Gravel and sand, brown chert, and colorless quartz	5.5
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Auburn shale
		Shale, calcareous, yellow and gray	1
		Shale and limy shale, green-gray	1
Total depth of test hole			30

19-11-16ac--Sample log of test hole in SW NE sec. 16, T. 19 S., R. 11 E., 100 feet west of South Pine Street and 10 feet north of West South Avenue, drilled July 1949. Surface altitude 1,133.5 feet.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Soil, black to dark-gray	3
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, red-tan	7
		Silt and clay, tan with gray mottling	7
		Silt and clay, tan; contains much fine sand in lower part	10
		Silt and clay, tan; contains chert and quartz sand	12
		Sand and gravel; chiefly colorless fine to very coarse-grained quartz sand and brown chert gravel	4
		Gravel and sand, brown chert, and colorless quartz	2
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Pierson Point-Willard shale
		Shale, sandy, micaceous, blue-gray	5
Total depth of test hole			50

19-11-24ad--Sample log of test hole in SE NE sec. 24, T. 19 S., R. 11 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,100.8 feet.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Soil, black	2
		Clay and silt, sandy, tan and brown-gray	4.5
		Clay and silt, sandy, mottled buff and gray	1
		Clay and sand, buff; contains a little chert gravel and quartz sand	11
		Sand, fine- to coarse-grained quartz, and brown chert gravel	11
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Auburn shale
		Shale, calcareous, fossiliferous, yellow	2
	Wakarusa limestone
		Limestone, light-gray	0.5
Total depth of test hole			32

19-11-24dd--Sample log of test hole in SE SE sec, 24, T. 19 S., R. 11 E., drilled July 1948. Surface altitude 1,096.1 feet. Water level 4.3 feet below land surface, Aug. 12, 1946.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Silt and clay, black	5.5
		Clay and silt, dark-gray	2.5
		Clay and silt, brown-tan	6
		Silt and clay, brown-tan; contains brown chert gravel and colorless quartz sand	9
		Sand, fine- to coarse-grained quartz, and brown chert gravel	7
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Burlingame limestone
		Limestone, fossiliferous, light-gray to yellow-tan	2
Total depth of test hole			32

19-13-29da--Sample log of test hole in NE SE sec. 29, T. 19 S., R. 13 E., drilled Dec. 1950. Surface altitude 1,089.2 feet. Water level 26.4 feet below land surface, Dec. 16, 1950.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Soil, gray-black	3
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, gray with light-tan mottling	2
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, slightly micaceous, yellow to yellow-brown	5
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, slightly micaceous, yellow to yellow-brown; contains numerous manganese shot	15
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, slightly sandy, light-gray with yellow-brown mottling	5
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, slightly sandy, gray and tan	8
		Gravel and sand, predominantly colorless quartz and brown chert	5.5
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Howard limestone
		Limestone, hard	0.1
Total depth of test hole			43.6

19-13-31da--Sample log of test hole in NE SE sec. 31., T. 19 S., R. 13 E., drilled Dec. 1950. Surface altitude 1,068.5 feet. Water level 14.9 feet below land surface, Dec. 16, 1950.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Soil, black	4
		Clay and silt, noncalcareous, gray to tan-gray	6
		Clay and silt, calcareous, gray to tan-gray	5
		Silt and clay, slightly sandy, friable, calcareous; contains sparse mollusk shells	10.5
		Gravel and sand, predominantly brown chert and colorless quartz, numerous mollusk shells	9.5
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Howard limestone
		Shale, micaceous, gray	5
Total depth of test hole			40

19-13-32ba--Sample log of test hole in NE NW sec. 32, T. 19 S., R. 13 E., drilled Dec. 1950. Surface altitude 1,083.7 feet. Water level 19.8 feet below land surface, Dec. 16, 1950.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Soil, gray-black	3
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, slightly sandy, red-tan mottled with brown	10
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, slightly sandy, red-tan	5
		Gravel and sand, predominantly brown chert and colorless quartz	8.5
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Howard limestone
		Limestone, hard, gray	0.1
Total depth of test hole			26.6

20-13-6ab--Sample log of test hole in NW NE sec. 6, T. 20 S., R. 13 E., drilled Dec. 1950. Surface altitude 1,066.7 feet. Water level 5.0 feet below land surface, Dec. 16, 1950.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Soil, gray-black	3
		Clay and silt, slightly calcareous, light tan-gray to gray	5
		Silt and clay, slightly calcareous, slightly sandy, light tan-gray to gray	5
		Silt and clay, calcareous, sandy, friable, tan-gray to gray	3.5
		Gravel and sand, predominantly brown chert and colorless quartz; contains limestone detritus	2.5
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Howard limestone
		Shale, slightly sandy, pyritic, medium dark-gray	2
Total depth of test hole			21

20-13-6cd--Sample log of test hole in SE SW sec. 6, T. 20 S., R. 13 E., drilled Dec. 1950. Surface altitude 1,079.2 feet. Water level 8.0 feet below land surface, Dec. 16, 1950.			Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Soil, black	4
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, mottled red-brown and red-tan	4.5
		Silt and clay, calcareous, friable, slightly sandy, light red-tan mottled with brown	14
		Sand and gravel, predominantly brown chert and colorless quartz	7.5
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Howard limestone
		Limestone, hard, gray	0.1
Total depth of test hole			30.1

20-13-7bb--Sample log of test hole in NW NW sec. 7, T. 20 S., R. 13 E., drilled Dec. 1950. Surface altitude 1,085.4 feet. Water level 9.2 feet below land surface, Dec. 16, 1950.			Thickness, feet
	Road fill		4
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt and clay, noncalcareous, light gray	5
		Silt and clay, slightly calcareous, tan mottled with gray	5.5
		Silt and clay, very calcareous, sandy, friable, tan	4.5
		Silt and clay, very calcareous, sandy, friable, tan; contains mollusk shells	5
		Silt and clay, very calcareous, sandy, pink-gray; contains mollusk shells	5
Pennsylvanian--Virgillian
	Howard limestone
		Shale, very limy, dark-gray	3
		Limestone, with two thin shale partings, abundant fusulinids, dark-gray	2.5
Total depth of test hole			34.5

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Kansas Geological Survey, Lyon County Geohydrology
Web version Sept. 2001. Original publication date March 1953.
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The URL for this page is http://www.kgs.ku.edu/General/Geology/Lyon/logs.html